What Are The Types Of Microphone ?
Microphones are one of the most important audio recording tools. With a range of types suitable for different recording scenarios, microphones come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Different microphone types have different features and applications, so it is important to understand the different types of microphones and how they work.
1. What are the main types of microphones?
Microphones are generally divided into two main categories: dynamic and condenser microphones. Dynamic microphones use a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field to convert sound into electrical signals. They are rugged and reliable, making them great for live sound applications. Condenser microphones use a thin, vibrating diaphragm which is charged with electricity, creating an electrical signal which is amplified and sent to a recording device. Condenser microphones are more sensitive than dynamic microphones and are often used in studio recordings.
2. What types of dynamic microphones are there?
Dynamic microphones are further divided into two sub-categories: moving coil and ribbon microphones. Moving coil microphones use a coil of wire attached to a diaphragm which is suspended in a magnetic field. This vibration creates an electrical signal which is amplified and sent to a recording device. Ribbon microphones use a thin metal ribbon suspended between two magnets which vibrates when sound waves pass through it, creating an electrical signal.
3. What types of condenser microphones are there?
Condenser microphones are further divided into two sub-categories: large diaphragm and small diaphragm microphones. Large diaphragm condenser microphones use a large diaphragm which is charged with electricity and vibrates when sound waves pass through it, creating an electrical signal. Small diaphragm condenser microphones use a smaller diaphragm which is also charged with electricity and vibrates when sound waves pass through it, creating a similar electrical signal.
4. What types of specialty microphones are there?
There are a number of specialty microphones which are designed for specific recording applications. Shotgun microphones are designed for long-distance recording and are often used in television and film production. Boundary layer microphones are designed to be placed on a flat surface, such as a desk or floor, and pick up sound from all directions. Lavalier microphones are small and often worn on the body to record audio in close proximity.
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of microphone?
Dynamic microphones are rugged and reliable, making them great for live sound applications. However, they are not as sensitive as condenser microphones and are not ideal for recording quiet sources. Condenser microphones are more sensitive and are often used in studio recordings. However, they require power and can be susceptible to noise. Specialty microphones are designed for specific recording applications and have their own advantages and disadvantages.
6. What are the best practices for using microphones?
The best practices for using microphones vary depending on the type of microphone. For dynamic microphones, it is important to ensure the microphone is placed close enough to the sound source to capture the desired sound. For condenser microphones, it is important to ensure the microphone is properly powered and not exposed to any background noise. For specialty microphones, it is important to read the instructions carefully and ensure the microphone is placed and pointed in the correct direction for the desired recording application.
In conclusion, it is important to understand the different types of microphones and how they work in order to select the right microphone for the right recording application. Each type of microphone has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best practices for using each type of microphone can vary depending on the specific recording application. Knowing the different types of microphones and how they work can help ensure the best audio recordings possible.
